How to find nearest value in an array?

Question

var dados=[0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 4.75, 5.0, 5.7, 6.0, 6.2, 6.5, 7.0, 7.1, 7.5, 8.0];
var DadoMaisPertoDe = 3.8; 
//preciso encontrar o valor 4.0

//outra demanda
//dado o valor encontrado acima (4.0)
//preciso achar dois valores acima e dois abaixo desse valor, dado um intervalo minimo
I=1.0; //intervalo minimo
//preciso achar  [2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 6.0] //lembrando q parte de 4.00 encontrado antes
I=1.5;
//preciso achar  [1.0, 2.5, 5.7, 7.5] 

1. How do I find the nearest value in an array?
2. How to find beyond this value, the two values closer to the value I found above, but with a minimum interval (I)?

thanks in advance for the help.

Edited: If anyone else needs help with something like this, I found the solution here: http://jsfromhell.com/pt/array/nearest-number

Answer 1

Since this looks like college work, I won’t do it, I’ll just show you how to do it.

Taking a quick look, I found the following: https://stackoverflow.com/a/49436218/5565024

As you can see, he says that following the premise that he did not know if he could sort the array, he did so there. However, regardless of whether you don’t want to change the order of the current array, I believe it would be easier to sort the array, and go incrementing or decrementing in a loop to find the next values.

So you can follow the other example where the array is ordered (Sort): https://stackoverflow.com/a/49436066/5565024

With this, just go creating the logic and saving in variables and comparing, the nearest until you get the two before and after the desired value and according to the minimum interval.

Once you get it, post the answer here to help other people.