Relationship N to N with 4 tables in Laravel 5.6

Question

Good afternoon, you guys, I started using the framework Laravel a little while ago and I’m having difficulties in implementing a relationship N/N using 4 different tables.

The scenario is as follows; a user can have several roles in several distinct modules, for example: the user John can be administrator in the sales module and operator in the purchasing module, manager in the user control module and so on, in addition to being able to play more than one role in the same module. The tables are: User; Paper; Module and Performance, where only the primary key and the foreign keys of the other tables are used according to the image below:

These are my models.

User

    lass Usuario extends Model{
    use Notifiable;
    protected $table='usuario';
    public $timestamps = false;
    protected $fillable = ['foto', 'nome', 'email', 'senha'];
    use SoftDeletes;

    protected $hidden = [
        'password', 'remember_token',
    ];
    protected $casts = [
        'email_verified_at' => 'datetime',
    ];

    public function atuacoes()
    {
        return $this->hasMany('Modules\controleUsuario\Entities\Atuacao');
    }

}

Paper:

    class Papel extends Model{
    use SoftDeletes;
    protected $table='papel';
    protected $fillable = ['nome','descricao','created_at','deleted_at'];
    public $timestamps=false;
    protected $dates = ['data'=> 'm-d-Y'];

    public function atuacoes()
    {
        return $this->hasMany('Modules\controleUsuario\Entities\Atuacao');
    }


}

Module:

    class Modulo extends Model{
    use SoftDeletes;
    protected $table='modulo';
    protected $fillable = ['nome', 'icone'];
    public $timestamps=false;

    public function atuacoes()
    {
        return $this->hasMany('Modules\controleUsuario\Entities\Atuacao');
    }
}
e por fim **Atuacao**<br><br>

    class Atuacao extends Model{
    use SoftDeletes;
    protected $table='atuacao';
    protected $timestamps=false;

    public function usuario()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('Modules\controleUsuario\Entities\Usuario');
    }

    public function papel()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('Modules\controleUsuario\Entities\Papel');
    }

    public function modulo()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('Modules\controleUsuario\Entities\Modulo');
    }
}

My difficulty is knowing how to associate and display all the roles and their respective module of a user. If anyone can give a light I would be immensely grateful, thanks in advance

Answer 1

You already have the relationships made based on this, just access them.

foreach($usuario->atuacoes as $atuacao)
{
   echo 'Modulo: ' . $atuacao->modulo->nome . '<br />';
   echo 'Papel: ' . $atuacao->papel->nome . '<br />';
   echo '------------------ <br />';
}

Tip: You can take advantage of the functionality of Eager Loading of Laravel to always bring relationships in the queries of the acting model making them more efficient. See the model with this property.

class Atuacao extends Model{
    use SoftDeletes;

    protected $table = 'atuacao';

    protected $timestamps = false;

    /**
     * The relationships that should always be loaded.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $with = ['papel', 'modulo'];


    public function usuario()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('Modules\controleUsuario\Entities\Usuario');
    }

    public function papel()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('Modules\controleUsuario\Entities\Papel');
    }

    public function modulo()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('Modules\controleUsuario\Entities\Modulo');
    }
}

It is worth taking a look also at Has Many Through.