What are the currently adopted software licenses, and what is their most suitable use?

Question

I can say that I matured as a professional in the GNU era, when the GPL Software License was being matured and widely adopted for use with open and free software, but in the present times (in the middle of the decade, in the year 2015) we have several new licenses, the best known being:

• LPG and its variation LGPL,
• BSD,
• Creative Commons, the most cited at the moment,

How such licenses should be applied in the current version, what their benefits (summarized) and what others are in vogue and being applied?