What are Network Mask, Gateway and how do they relate to the modem/router?

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I think the most accurate question would be: "How does a client/host connection occur from the output of the client package, going through the internal network, leaving the modem until arriving at the host and where exactly fits the role of each of these items in this process?".

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    The title is simple: Gateway is the device that connects this (internal) network to the internet, network mask is the default to define Ips (255 = all IPS have the same number there). Networks of up to my mistake 254 computers usually use the mask 255.255.255.0 which allows only the last different block from one computer to another. How do you relate, well, then I’ll come up with a decent answer later if no one has explained it better. : D

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Network Mask, briefly are the amount of Ips that an equipment can take inside that network, that is, if the Mask is 255.255.255.0, you can have 255 assigned, and two are reserved to Broadcast and Gateway. The Gateway and the router can be the same.

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