Declaring PHP variables from the keys of an array

Question

Is there any way to declare variables in php the same way we do in Javascript?

I’d like to do that:

const { variavel1, variavel2, variavel3 } = array

To simplify this:

$variavel1 = $array['variavel1'];
$variavel2 = $array['variavel2'];
$variavel3 = $array['variavel3'];

Answer 1

Native resource: the list

This feature exists since PHP 4, is the list(). It’s that simple:

list($variavel1, $variavel2, $variavel3) = $array;

In newer Phps it accepts this simplified syntax, but it is the same Construct:

[$variavel1, $variavel2, $variavel] = $array;

Since PHP 7.1 you can choose the items with indexes (beware, starts from 0):

list(1 => $variavel2, 2 => $variavel3) = $array;
[1 => $variavel2, 2 => $variavel3] = $array;

Or omit variables you don’t need:

list( , $variavel2, $variavel3 ) = $array;

Example:

$array = [
    'UM',
    'DOIS',
    'TRES'
];
 
list($variavel1, $variavel2, $variavel3) = $array;
 
echo "Var 1: $variavel1\n";
echo "Var 2: $variavel2\n";
echo "Var 3: $variavel3\n";

Upshot:

Var 1: UM
Var 2: DOIS
Var 3: TRES

See working on IDEONE

Handbook:
https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.list.php

Answer 2

You can do this way for associative arrays:

$array = [
    'a' => 1,
    'b' => 2,
    'c' => 3,
];
['c' => $c, 'a' => $a] = $array;

Or in the case of a list:

$array = [1, 2, 3];
[$a, $b, $c] = $array;

Using your example we would have something like this:

['variavel1' => $variavel1, 'variavel2' => $variavel2, 'variavel3' => $variavel3] = $array

OBS: The destructuring array is available as of PHP version 7.1

Answer 3

http://php.net/manual/en/function.extract.php

<?php

$arr = array('primeiro' =>  '1',
             'segundo'  =>  '2',
             'terceiro' =>  '3');

extract($arr);

echo $primeiro;

/* Imprimirá -> 1 */