Chrome and Opera do not respect cache

Question

Chrome and Opera (same engine as the first) does not respect headers Cache-control and Expires, I mean if it’s a link or interaction within the page works normally, this appears ahead:

But if the requisition comes of browser bookmarks it simply ignores the cache:

It’s almost as if I had pressed F5 (or maybe this is the same behavior), in Firefox the problem does not occur, only in Chrome and even Opera.

The test code was this:

<?php
$seconds = 360; // uma hora de cache

header('Expires: ' . gmdate('D, d M Y H:i:s', time() + $seconds) . ' GMT', true);
header('Cache-Control: public, max-age=' . $seconds, true);
header('Pragma: max-age=' . $seconds, true);

$atual = gmdate('D, d M Y H:i:s');

//Ultima modificação é considerado a hora do acesso
header('Last-Modified: ' . $atual . ' GMT', true);
?>

<a href="pagina.php">Recarregar</a><br>

<?php echo $atual; ?>

This is not a problem with PHP, just use it to test with headers

Is there any way to indicate to the browser through the headers that the cache should "have preference" or this is indeed a Bug?