Show a dictionary inside a class created by an external function

Question

I’m trying to create an RPG plug simulator, but I’m having trouble properly displaying the labels. Creation runs through the function criaPersonagem() creating an object in dictionary format (at least I tried to create it like this). Then when I call the object in a function print only the values and not the labels appear, I am wrong in the own print or within the function criaPersonagem()?

personagens = ["",]

class personagem:
    def __init__(self,name,genre,race,level,power,damage,health,healthRate,insanity,corruption,strength,agility, intellect, will,perception,defense,size,movement):
        self.name = name
        self.genre = genre
        self.race = race
        self.level = level 
        self.power = power
        self.damage = damage
        self.health = health
        self.healthRate = healthRate
        self.insanity = insanity
        self.corruption = corruption
        self.strength = strength
        self.agility = agility
        self.intellect = intellect
        self.will = will
        self.perception = perception
        self.defense = defense
        self.size = size
        self.movement = movement

    def exibePersonagem(self):

        print(self.name,self.genre,self.race,self.level,self.power,self.damage,self.health,self.healthRate,self.insanity,self.corruption,self.strength,self.agility, self.intellect, self.will,self.perception,self.defense,self.size,self.movement)



def criaPersonagem():
    global personagens
    perso = {}
    perso["name"] = input("Qual o nome do personagem?")
    perso["genre"] = input("Qual o genero do personagem?")
    perso["race"] = input("Qual a raça do personagem?")
    perso["level"] = 0
    perso["power"] = 0
    perso["damage"] = 0
    perso["insanity"] = 0
    perso["corruption"] = 0
    if perso["race"] == "humano":
        perso["strength"] = 10
        perso["agility"] = 10
        perso["intellect"] = 10
        perso["will"] = 10

        perso["perception"] = perso["intellect"]
        perso["defense"] = perso["agility"]
        perso["health"] = perso["strength"]
        perso["healthRate"] = perso["health"]/4
        perso["size"] = 1
        perso["movement"] = 10



    values = personagem(perso["name"], perso["genre"], perso["race"], perso["level"],perso["power"],perso["damage"],perso["health"],perso["healthRate"],perso["insanity"],perso["corruption"],perso["strength"],perso["agility"], perso["intellect"], perso["will"],perso["perception"],perso["defense"],perso["size"],perso["movement"])
    personagens.append(values)


criaPersonagem()
print(personagens[1].exibePersonagem())

Answer 1

From version 3.6 of Python you can use dataclasses for this type of data structure.

from dataclasses import dataclass

@dataclass
class Character:
    name: str
    genre: str
    race: str

The dataclass will generate for you some methods that are common in this structure; one of them, and the main one for this problem, is the method __init__, which is created with all the fields you set. Less manual work for us.

Only with the above mentioned class could we do:

woss = Character(name='Woss', genre='male', race='god')

print(woss)

The exit would be:

Character(name='Woss', genre='male', race='god')

Which follows the class name format, followed with the fields and values between parentheses. You can customize the output by setting the method __str__ of your class:

@dataclass
class Character:
    name: str
    genre: str
    race: str

    def __str__(self):
        return (
            'Dados do personagem:\n'
            f'Nome: {self.name}\n'
            f'Gênero: {self.genre}\n'
            f'Raça: {self.race}\n'
        )

^{See working on Repl.it}

In this case, the exit of print(woss) would be:

Dados do personagem:
Nome: Woss
Gênero: male
Raça: god

And with this you can automate several things. For example, create a function that asks the user for all the character’s data and creates it:

def create_character():
    print('New character:')

    info = {}

    for attribute, _type in Character.__annotations__.items():
        value = input(f'{attribute}: ')
        info[attribute] = _type(value)

    return Character(**info)

So you could do:

>>> print(create_character())

New character:
name: Woss
genre: Male
race: God

Dados do personagem:
Nome: Woss
Gênero: Male
Raça: God

^{See working on Repl.it}

Behold:

Answer 2

If you can help again, thank you very much and I think that after that I will fully understand the missing logic. I went back to tinkering with the code at night and based on what @Anderson went through I tried to better understand the dataclasses but I didn’t understand the library itself very well, but what was used in the code I understood.

I was then trying to apply a function to modify attributes based on race during creation however I am not able to increment and do the values assignment correctly in the updateByRace() function, as I could solve it?

I tried to experience a storage of this object in a list to be able to call it more easily later but when I tried to do it in append it seems that it turned into a common dictionary, losing the attributes of an object as well as how to solve it?

tomorrow I should publish the project in git, that as soon as these 2 to-do the creation of the other breeds chip will be quick to finish.

from dataclasses import dataclass,fields,MISSING




personagens = [""]

@dataclass
class character:
    name : str
    genre : str
    race : str
    health : int
    recoveryRate : int = 0
    strength : int = 0
    agility : int = 0
    intellect : int = 0
    will : int = 0
    perception : int = 0
    defense : int = 0
    size : int = 0
    movement : int
    level : int = 0
    power : int = 0
    damage : int = 0
    insanity : int = 0
    corruption : int = 0


    def updateByRace(self):
        if self.race == "humano":
            self.strength = 10
            self.agility = 10
            self.intellect = 10
            self.will = 10

            self.perception = self.intellect
            self.defens = self.agility
            self.health = self.strength
            self.recoveryRate = (self.health)/4
            self.size = 1
            self.movement = 10


    def __str__(self):
        return(
            'Ficha do character: \n\n'
            f'Name : {self.name} | '
            f'Genre : {self.genre} | '
            f'Race : {self.race} \n'
            f'Level : {self.level} |'
            f'Power : {self.power} \n'
            f'Damage : {self.damage} |'
            f'Health : {self.health} | '
            f'recoveryRate : {self.recoveryRate} \n'
            f'STR : {self.strength} | '
            f'INT : {self.intellect} | '
            f'AGI : {self.agility} | '
            f'Will : {self.will} \n'
            f'Perception : {self.perception} | '
            f'Defense : {self.defense} | '
            f'Movement : {self.movement} | \n'
            f'Size : {self.size} | '
            f'Insanity : {self.insanity} | '
            f'Corruption : {self.corruption} \n'

    )






def create_character():
    print('New character:')

    info = {}

    for field in fields(character):
        if field.default == MISSING:
            value = input(f'{field.name}: ')
            info[field.name] = field.type(value)

    character.updateByRace()
    return character(**info)

print(create_character())

Answer 3

I understand that the label is the key to the dictionary.

I made few changes:

1) I removed the list personagens that "I was left".

2) I replaced the method exibePersonagem by function exibirPersonagem which takes a dictionary as a parameter personagem and prints your keys and values.

Follows the code:

class personagem:

    def __init__(self, name, genre, race, level, power, damage, health, healthRate,
                 insanity, corruption, strength, agility, intellect, will, perception,
                 defense, size, movement):        
        self.name = name
        self.genre = genre
        self.race = race
        self.level = level 
        self.power = power
        self.damage = damage
        self.health = health
        self.healthRate = healthRate
        self.insanity = insanity
        self.corruption = corruption
        self.strength = strength
        self.agility = agility
        self.intellect = intellect
        self.will = will
        self.perception = perception
        self.defense = defense
        self.size = size
        self.movement = movement


def exibirPersonagem(personagem):
    print("\n--- Info ---\n")
    for k in personagem:        
        print(k, personagem.get(k))


def criarPersonagem():    
    perso = {}
    perso["name"] = input("Qual o nome do personagem? ")
    perso["genre"] = input("Qual o genero do personagem? ")
    perso["race"] = input("Qual a raça do personagem? ")
    perso["level"] = 0
    perso["power"] = 0
    perso["damage"] = 0
    perso["insanity"] = 0
    perso["corruption"] = 0

    if perso["race"] == "humano":
        perso["strength"] = 10
        perso["agility"] = 10
        perso["intellect"] = 10
        perso["will"] = 10

        perso["perception"] = perso["intellect"]
        perso["defense"] = perso["agility"]
        perso["health"] = perso["strength"]
        perso["healthRate"] = perso["health"]/4
        perso["size"] = 1
        perso["movement"] = 10

    return perso    


jogador1 = criarPersonagem()

exibirPersonagem(jogador1)

Exit:

Qual o nome do personagem? Apuleio
Qual o genero do personagem? Ladino
Qual a raça do personagem? humano

--- Info ---

name Apuleio
genre Ladino
race humano
level 0
power 0
damage 0
insanity 0
corruption 0
strength 10
agility 10
intellect 10
will 10
perception 10
defense 10
health 10
healthRate 2.5
size 1
movement 10