Memory Position Array

Question

Memory Position Array

Asked 7 years, 5 months ago

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I’m doing an implementation of a game on Assembly in the Proteus.

I draw two random numbers from 1 to 99 and need to generate on the LCD an image referring to the numbers I generated.

Example: If I generate the number 1 the image that will appear on the display is

If I generate the number 2 the image that will appear on the display is

Implementation was done as follows:

.DATA    
SEED DW 0 ;Armazena o número aleatório de 1 ~ 99
NUMBER1 DW 0 ;Guarda o primeiro número gerado  
NUMBER2 DW 0 ;Guarda o segundo número gerado

IMG_NUMBER1 DW ? ;variavel aux para armazenar a IMG do primeiro numero gerado
IMG_NUMBER2 DW ? ;variavel aux para armazenar a IMG do segundo numero gerado

IMG_NUMERO_1 db 8, 6
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 030H,0D0H,010H,010H,010H,010H,010H,010H,060H,080H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,080H,060H,010H,010H,010H,010H,010H,010H,0D0H,030H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,00CH,034H
db 0C2H,001H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,001H,001H,002H,002H,002H,002H
db 002H,002H,002H,002H,001H,001H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,001H,0C2H
db 034H,00CH,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 0F0H,00FH,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,004H,0FEH,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,00FH,0F0H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 003H,01CH,060H,080H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,002H,003H,002H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,080H,060H,01CH,003H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,001H,001H,002H,002H,002H,004H,004H,004H,008H,008H,010H,020H
db 020H,010H,008H,008H,004H,004H,004H,002H,002H,002H,001H,001H,000H,000H,000H,000H
db 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H

IMG_NUMERO_2 db 8,6
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 030H,0D0H,010H,010H,010H,010H,010H,010H,060H,080H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,080H,060H,010H,010H,010H,010H,010H,010H,0D0H,030H
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,00CH,034H
DB 0C2H,001H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,001H,001H,002H,002H,002H,002H
DB 002H,002H,002H,002H,001H,001H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,001H,0C2H
DB 034H,00CH,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 0F0H,00FH,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 000H,000H,004H,082H,042H,022H,01CH,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,00FH,0F0H
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 003H,01CH,060H,080H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 000H,000H,003H,002H,002H,002H,003H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,080H,060H,01CH,003H
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,001H,001H,002H,002H,002H,004H,004H,004H,008H,008H,010H,020H
DB 020H,010H,008H,008H,004H,004H,004H,002H,002H,002H,001H,001H,000H,000H,000H,000H
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H

..... IMG_NUMERO_3, IMG_NUMERO_4 ... até 99

In the code I wrote so to generate the random number and save in auxiliary variables for comparison at the end of the game:

CALL RANDOM
MOV NUMBER1, SEED ;Guarda o primeiro numero gerado
CALL RANDOM
MOV NUMBER2, SEED ;Guarda o segundo numero gerado

I have NUMBER1 and NUMBER2 the values of the generated random numbers.

I did as follows to fetch the generated number and store the memory position of the image referring to the number: ( Store in BL before calling COMPARE_NMB, the value 0 to fetch the image of NUMBER1 and 1 for NUMBER2; In AX contains the value of NUMBER*)

COMPARE_NMB:
   PUSHF
   PUSH BX
   PUSH AX
   PUSH CX

   CMP AX, 1
   JE JE_1 ;PULA PRO METODO SE FOR 1   
   CMP AX, 2
   JE JE_2 ;PULA PRO METODO SE FOR 2
   CMP AX, 3
   JE JE_3
   ... assim por diante até 99 ...

For each JUst AndWhich I call it:

JE_1:
    LEA SI, IMG_NUMERO_1
JMP CONTINUE
JE_2:
    LEA SI, IMG_NUMERO_2
JMP CONTINUE
....

CONTINUE:
   CMP BL, 0 ;VERIFICAR AONDE ARMAZENAR
   JE ARMAZENAR_IMG1
   JNE ARMAZENAR_IMG2 
...
ARMAZENAR_IMG1:
    MOV IMG_NUMBER1, SI
JMP FINALIZAR
ARMAZENAR_IMG2:
    MOV IMG_NUMBER2, SI
JMP FINALIZAR

But I don’t think it’s the best solution.

Would anyone know a more practical method?

Create a new variable and store as a array of memory positions, if I want to image1 I would just do posicoesImagens[NUMBER1], or imagem2, posicoesImagens[NUMBER2], something like that.

Note: Yes, I currently generated 99 variables to store each image for each number. My editor is even locking by the amount of information in the code.

I wrote 500 lines just to compare what the generated number is. And I had to write 2178 lines referring to the images of each number.

DS stands for Data Segment.

2

I do not program in Assembly, so I do not know if you did there, but ... There is no way to make one loop to store the values in each variable, adding +1 in the variable name?? Searching here, I found this link that talks about loop in assbemly, may be useful. It is possible to compile your code online for testing HERE!

– Marcos Henzel

2017/06/27 at 11:34
2

@Marcoshenzel do not know how to do what you are talking, my knowledge is as I put in the code above. I want to remove the 500 lines of comparisons that I made and optionally if someone knows some method so that instead of creating 99 variables of the numbers, I need to create only 1 image and put the number in the center within that image at runtime.

– Don't Panic

2017/06/27 at 12:40
2

I don’t work with Assembly, but in your case wouldn’t it be more appropriate to use some matrix (array)? This page should contain some useful information: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/assembly_programming/assembly_arrays.htm

– Carlos Andrade

2017/06/29 at 19:42
@M8n yes, as I put it there. 8.6

– Don't Panic

2017/07/02 at 02:24
2

To extend the suggestions, an array would essentially be a list of pointers, which are "locations" or addresses of a specific image. In your case it could be an array of images (order from smaller to larger), or, I mean, an array of pointers of a specific image. Each pointer should be the same size in bytes. To get the pointer’s location (or address) just do endereçoDaLista + númeroDaImagem * tamanhoDoPonteiro, for example. Unfortunately I don’t know much Assembly, so I can’t help either :/

– Klaider

2017/07/02 at 18:15
The position of the first image is starting from 1, but could start at 0. This will depend on how the array is stored in tbm memory.

– Klaider

2017/07/02 at 18:22
(My comment got a little confused, but blz :v)

– Klaider

2017/07/02 at 18:49
2

@Polardigit well, but that’s what I want to do, but I have no knowledge of how to do it. Create a new variable and store as an array of memory positions, if I want to image1 I would just do posicoesImagens[1], or imagem2, posicoesimagem[2], something like that.

– Don't Panic

2017/07/02 at 21:44

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2 answers

2

I imagine all the images are the same size, so all you need to do is store them in a vector. Then when it comes to accessing you only need the initial address and the jump to do, so it would simply be:

endereco_inicial + (salto * tamanho_de_cada_imagem)

Another thing to think is that the only thing that changes between the pictures is the central number, so it would take less space you set the badge and print the number inside the badge.

Even the numbers themselves just have from 0 to 9 the only thing that changes is the position where you will print, so you can save a lot of space, but of course doing this you would have a slightly larger code to be able to make the different impressions.

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by Renato Guedes • 76 points · Answer 1 · 2019-02-25T02:11:08+00:00

Create the image with the name img_01.jpg, img_02.jpg...img_99.jpg and uses a substring (I don’t know how it’s done in Assembly) to open the image that matches the number something like:

"img_" + suavariavel + ".jpg"
"img_" & suavariavel & ".jpg"