The great advantage of developing in a Linux environment (or OSX, since both are Unix) is that you get very close to the environment where you would work on a server "for real".
The fact that Windows is not thought of as a development platform makes the installation of various tools or applications a little more devious, even worth trying. In this case, it is worth resorting to a virtual machine, Vagrant or Docker.
For example, if you need to develop with PHP + Mysql (to give an example of a stack typical), in Windows it is necessary to install XAMPP, which installs all the necessary tools, in addition to an application for Git, one for SSH etc. Not infrequently, Adjustments are needed to make the line breaks in the files compatible with line breaks of files created on Unix systems, since they are different standards and probably your project can (and will) involve developers using Unix - among other adjustments.
Already on Linux (or OSX), in general you already have, on the terminal, all the necessary tools for development. If not, installation is very easy:
brew install php-70 # no OSX
sudo apt-get install php-70 # no Ubuntu Linux
In addition, browsing files through the terminal, over time, becomes much more agile than through a graphical interface, as is usually the case with Windows. And the terminal is also your way of working on servers - that is, if you work with terminal on one system, you know how to work with it on others.
Anyway, these are just a few reasons why working on Unix-based systems is preferable to the Windows environment.
(PS: I do not work with Linux, but with OSX, so some information above pertaining to Linux systems may be incorrect.)
Ubuntu 14
on my machine. Use theGIT
via graphical interface is "a torture"– Wallace Maxters
Thanks for the @Rodrigo reply, just to clarify a little more. This would fit the development based on other open source and multi-platform languages(tools) (Python, C++, Lua and etc.) . Different from the development . Net(C#), which is "focused" for windows. I ask this because I intend to do a dual-boot is to install a linux-based OS, and start learning, until I migrate for good. As my focus is not only C#, but other languages, it is worth checking it. Ubunto, would be the most suitable?
– G. M4rc14L