Python -->Valueerror: incomplete format

Question

Can someone help me with this code?
I have two problems: The first is the error mentioned in the title and the second is the vector of the function, which does not receive attribution (when I went to debug the compiler, I realized that U was not receiving any values).
I’m new to programming, don’t be surprised if there’s some barbaric error ;)

def calPercent(nvJ,tV):
    U = [0]*23
    for i in range(23):
        if nvJ[i]!= 0:
            U[i] = nvJ[i]/tV*100
    return U

V = [0]*23
P = [0]*23

voto = int(input("Numero do jogador (0=fim): "))
while voto!=0 :
    if voto<1 or voto>23 :
        print "Informe um valor entre 1 e 23 ou 0 para sair!"
    else:
        V[voto-1]+=1
    voto = int(input("Numero do jogador (0=fim): "))

P = calPercent(V,sum(V))

print "Foram computados",sum(V),"votos"

print "Jogador,Votos,%"
for i in range(23):
    if V[i]!=0 :
        print "%d,%d,%d%" %(i+1,V[i],P[i])

for i in range(23):
    if V[i] == max(V):
        print "O melhor jogador foi o numero %d, com %d votos, correspondendo a %d% do total de votos" %(i+1,V[i],P[i])

Answer 1

The "Valueerror incomplete format" error is due to the fact that Python did not recognize a replacement sequence starting with % at some point where you used the operator % for substitution.

If you look at your error message, Python always tells you the number of the line where it happened - this prevents you, or anyone else, from having to stare at the entire program to know where an error occurred. In this case, as the program is small, you can notice that the problem is in the last line - when trying to use the % of percentage as himself, in the stretch correspondendo a %d% do total - gets a % loose that generates the error. If you need to use a % separate a string with this type of formatting, put the sign twice in a row - this causes one of them to be kept after the substitution - that is, write the same passage as correspondendo a %d%% do total.

As for the values of U - the problem is that you are using Python 2 (and not Python 3 which has several significant language improvements) - and in Python 2, by default, uam division between integers always returns an integer - which means that in the line U[i] = nvJ[i]/tV*100 the division value shall always be "0", not a coefficient as expected.

The point way to solve this is to explicitly convert one of the split values to float, for example by writing: U[i] = nvJ[i] / float(tV) * 100. To avoid the same problem elsewhere, you can also tell Python to treat the division as it happens in Python 3, where inaccurate divisions between integers always generate float values - for this, put next to the first line of your program the directive from __future__ import division.

(the first line may be the Unix executable indicator: #! /usr/bin/env python, the following (first or second), the font coding newsletter, so that you can write accented characters without it being a syntax error: # coding: utf-8 )